The University Writing Center (UWrite): Citation/ Referencing

The University Writing Center: Citation/ Referencing

Correct citation allows you to give credit to other scholars and avoid plagiarism while allowing readers to easily locate your sources. One of the biggest problems that students have is citing and referencing correctly and consistently. It is essential that you know how to cite correctly using the chosen referencing style of your department/ discipline. Should you use footnotes or in-text (author-date) citations? At the end of your paper, do you need a bibliography, a reference list, or a works cited page(s)? How should end of text references be presented? All of these questions will be answered by the style guide you are using.

Organizations which publish citation style guides update them every so often. This is why APA, for example, is currently in its seventh edition, and why you should not necessarily trust any quick guide that you find on the internet (it might refer to an older version of the style). If in any doubt, consult the citation style manual that is published by the organization and/ or go to their official website. It is also wise to manually check in-text citations and reference lists that have been created using referencing management software (e.g., Zotero or RefWorks - see tabs below). For further information on referencing, go to the UWrite Handouts tab on this libguide or follow the links below.

American Psychological Association (APA) 7^th Edition

• APA Style
• Purdue OWL - APA
• APA Quick Guide (PDF – The University of Newcastle, Australia)

Modern Language Association of America (MLA) 9^th Edition

• MLA Style Center
• Purdue OWL - MLA
• MLA Quick Guide (PDF – University of Canterbury, New Zealand)

Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) 17^th Edition

• CMOS Online
• Purdue OWL - CMOS
• CMOS Quick Guide (PDF – Claremont Graduate University, USA)

Council of Science Editors (CSE) 8^th Edition

• Taylor and Frances CSE Guide

Vancouver

• Imperial College London Guide

Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) 4^th Edition

• University of Oxford

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Referencing Style

• IEEE Quick Guide (PDF – Deakin University, Australia)